GDP growth is Destatis's price-adjusted annual rate (not calendar-adjusted) after the 30 July 2026 revision, which moved 2024 from −0.5% to 0.0%; earlier and later releases differ slightly. "≈ +1% since 2019" chains the annual rates. 2026–2027 values are forecasts, not data. The Nord Stream arc is illustrative. Maps: Natural Earth 1:50m (public domain).
As of 20 October 2026. GDP: Destatis, price-adjusted annual rates, revised 30 July 2026. Inflation: Destatis CPI annual averages. Forecasts: Federal Government autumn projection, 8 October 2026.
Year Real GDP CPI Notes
2015 +1.8% general government surplus (2014–2019)
2016 +2.3%
2017 +2.9% peak of the boom
2018 +1.2%
2019 +1.1%
2020 −4.0% Covid; ~6 million on short-time work (Apr)
2021 +4.0% 3.1% Russia: 52% of gas imports (Bundesnetzagentur)
2022 +1.9% 6.9% Russian pipeline gas stops (early Sep)
2023 −1.0% 5.9%
2024 0.0% 2.2% revised from −0.5% (Jul 2026)
2025 +0.2% 2.2% unemployment 3.5% (ILO); exports to China
€81.3bn vs imports €170.6bn
2026 +1.3% (forecast) after the Mar 2025 debt-brake reform:
2027 +1.1% (forecast) €500bn infrastructure fund over 12 years
Since 2019: industry −266,000 jobs, cars −111,000 (EY / Destatis)